The Mauser bolt handle is at the rear of the bolt body and locks behind the solid rear receiver ring. Like the Mauser, the bolt lift arc on the Mosin–Nagant is 90 degrees, versus 60 degrees on the Lee–Enfield. The Mosin bolt is removed by simply pulling it fully to the rear of the receiver and squeezing the trigger, while the Mauser has a bolt stop lever separate from the trigger. Like the Mauser, the Mosin uses a blade ejector mounted in the receiver. Unlike the Mauser, which uses a controlled feed bolt head in which the cartridge base snaps up under the fixed extractor as the cartridge is fed from the magazine, the Mosin has a push feed recessed bolt head in which the spring-loaded extractor snaps over the cartridge base as the bolt is finally closed similar to the Gewehr 1888 and M91 Carcano or modern sporting rifles like the Remington 700. The Mosin uses interchangeable bolt heads like the Lee–Enfield. The Mosin bolt body is multi-piece whereas the Mauser is one piece. However, the Mosin's lugs lock in the horizontal position, whereas the Mauser locks vertically. Like the Gewehr 98, the 1891 Mosin uses two front-locking lugs to lock up the action. The colloquial name "Mosin-Nagant" used in the West is persistent but erroneous, as established in Head of the commission, General Chagin, ordered subsequent tests held under the commission's supervision, after which the bolt-action of Mosin's design was ordered into production under the name of 3-line rifle M1891 ( трёхлинейная винтовка образца 1891 года). The inventors obliged by delivering their final designs. At this point the decision was made to rename the existing commission and call it Commission for creation of the small-bore rifle ( Комиссия для выработки образца малокалиберного ружья), and to put on paper the final requirements for such a rifle. The commission initially voted 14 to 10 to approve Mosin's rifle. Mosin's rifle was mainly criticized for its lower quality of manufacture and materials, due to "artisan pre-production" of his 300 rifles. The main disadvantages of Nagant's rifle were a more complicated mechanism and a long and tiresome procedure of disassembling (which required special instruments-it was necessary to unscrew two fasteners). When trials concluded in 1891, the evaluators were split in their assessment. In 1889, three rifles were submitted for evaluation: Captain Sergei Ivanovich Mosin of the imperial army submitted his "3-line" caliber (.30 cal, 7.62 mm) rifle Belgian designer Léon Nagant submitted a "3.5-line" (.35 caliber, 9 mm) design and a Captain Zinoviev submitted another "3-line" design (1 " line" = 1⁄ 10 in or 2.54 mm, thus 3 lines = 7.62 mm). Those problems were solved by Russian scientists and engineers (the smokeless powder, for instance, was produced by Dmitri Mendeleev himself). It was supplied together with a model of the cartridge and bullet but without primer or smokeless powder. Various weapons were acquired and tested by GAU of the Ministry of War of the Russian Empire, and in 1889 the Lebel Model 1886 rifle was obtained through semi-official channels from France. This showed Russian commanders the need to modernize the general infantry weapon of the army. Main article: Fabrique d'armes Émile et Léon Nagantĭuring the Russo-Turkish War (1877–1878), Imperial Russian troops armed mostly with single-shot Berdan rifles suffered heavy casualties against Ottoman troops equipped with Winchester 1866 repeating rifles, particularly at the bloody Siege of Pleven. In spite of its age, it has been used in various conflicts around the world up to the present day. It is one of the most mass-produced military bolt-action rifles in history, with over 37 million units produced since 1891. Known officially as the 3-line rifle M1891 and informally in Russia and the former Soviet Union as Mosin's rifle ( Russian: винтовка Мосина, ISO 9: vintovka Mosina), it is primarily found chambered for its original 7.62×54mmR cartridge.ĭeveloped from 1882 to 1891, it was used by the armed forces of the Russian Empire, the Soviet Union and various other states. The Mosin–Nagant is a five-shot, bolt-action, internal magazine–fed military rifle. Rear: ladder, graduated from 100 m to 2,000 m (M91/30) and from 100 m to 1,000 m (M38 and M44) Front: hooded fixed post (drift adjustable) PU 3.5 and PEM scope also mounted 30-06 Springfield (Bannerman rifles for the US civilian market) ĥ00 m (550 yd), 850 m (930 yd) with optical sightsĥ-round interal box magazine, loaded with 5-round stripper clips Tula, Izhevsk, Sestroryetsk, Manufacture Nationale d'Armes de Châtellerault, Remington, New England Westinghouse, Radom, Cugirħ.92×57mm Mauser (Polish variants & German captures) Mosin–Nagant M1891 Dragoon from the collections at the Swedish Army Museumįirst Italo-Ethiopian War
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